Marvin Young

Estimation of steel reinforcement quantity is crucial for the cost evaluation which is one of the factors that need to be considered while a specific...

Pre-Engineered buildings are being preferred over conventional buildings for industrial construction due to its fast construction. Following is the...

An estimate is predicted cost of a project which is generally prepared before the project is taken up. It is prepared in different types based on the...

Sandcrete blocks and bricks are masonry units manufactured from a mixture of cement, sand and water, and it plays a crucial role in the building...

Canal Linings are provided in canals to resists the flow of water through its bed and sides. These can be constructed using different materials such...

The short column effect in multi-story buildings is studied seriously as these attract most of the forces coming on the building. Special attention...

Consolidation Test is used to determine the rate and magnitude of settlement in soils. The settlement values obtained by this test are due to primary...

Codes and standards are living documents, continually revised and refreshed to address changing requirements and emerging technologies. Commonly,...

Gypsum is a mineral and is hydrated calcium sulphate in chemical form. Gypsum plays a very important role in controlling the rate of hardening of the...

Basics of building construction are the set of principles, processes, and events that are necessary to implement a building project. Every building...

Control Joint in Concrete Control joints in concrete are provided at regular interval to from a weak plane, so that cracks are formed at the joints...

Scientists have made micron-sized calcium silicate spheres that could lead to stronger and greener concrete, the world's most-used synthetic material.

In the past decades, prestressed concrete poles have become famous and have replaced the traditional poles made of timber, steel or reinforced...

Soil can be defined in many ways. In civil engineering, soil is a naturally occurring, loose/un-cemented/weakly cemented/relatively unconsolidated...

The Fineness modulus of cement is an empirical figure obtained by adding the total percentage of the sample of an aggregate retained on each of a...

Finishing hardened concrete surface is carried out to achieve finely finished surface. There are number of methods and equipment that have been used...

Vane shear test is used to determine the undrained shear strength of soils especially soft clays. This test can be done in laboratory or in the field...

Various types of dams are constructed based on their usage. These dams are classified based on construction material used, structure and design,...

Admixtures are defined as the material other than the aggregate, water and cement added to the concrete. The use of suitable admixture can result in...

Expansion and contraction is found in all materials due to change in temperature. Concrete undergoes expansion when exposed to high temperature, this...

What is Contraction Joint ? When concrete is placed, due to shrinkage, creep and thermal movement concrete tends to reduce in size due to which small...

Uses of sedimentary rock can be found in almost all buildings and public structures. This makes it substantially important construction material in...

Sandblasting is a fast and reliable technique employed to texture the surface of hardened concrete. The extent of blasting ranges from light cleaning...

Shotcrete or Sprayed Concrete is a type of concrete or mortar mix that is shot onto a surface at high-speed. The shotcrete process can be performed...

Building plan drawings are the set the drawing which consists of floor plan, site plan, cross sections, elevations, electrical, plumbing and...

Clearly, buildings are composed of various structure elements such as slabs, beams, columns, and footings. Each of these structural members play...

One of the key differences between the self compacting concrete (SCC) and normal cement concrete (NCC) is the flowability property of SCC by its on...

Steel frame is typically consisting of vertical column and horizontal beams which are riveted, bolted or welded together in a rectilinear grid. Steel...

A load bearing structure has the components of a building which carries and transfers the load to the ground safely. This structure guarantee...

Risk management in construction industry is an important part of the project planning and management. Various risks associated with construction...

Newly identified bridge forms could enable significantly longer bridge spans to be achieved in the future, potentially making a crossing over the Strait of Gibraltar, from the Iberian Peninsula to Morocco, feasible. The new bridge forms -- identified by a team of researchers from the University of Sheffield and Brunel University London, working with long span bridge expert Ian Firth of engineering consultants COWI -- use a new mathematical modelling technique to identify optimal forms for very long-span bridges.

Artificial neural networks -- algorithms inspired by connections in the brain -- have 'learned' to perform a variety of tasks, from pedestrian detection in self-driving cars, to analyzing medical images, to translating languages. Now, researchers are training artificial neural networks to predict new stable materials.

What is a Column in Building Construction? Column is a vertical structural member that carry loads mainly in compression. Column might transfer...

What is Rebar? Reinforcement steel bars used in the concrete to improve the tensile strength of the concrete is known as Rebar. As we all know,...

What is a Beam? beam is a horizontal structural element that withstand vertical loads, shear forces and bending moments. They transfer loads imposed...

The brick mortar joints form the space between the bricks blocks which are filled by mortar or a grout mixture. The type of mortar joint chosen in...

Researchers have developed a process by which 2-D hydrogels can be programmed to expand and shrink in a space- and time-controlled way that applies force to their surfaces, enabling the formation of complex 3-D shapes and motions.

What is a retaining wall? Retaining wall is a structure that are designed and constructed to withstand lateral pressure of soil or hold back soil...

Sandwiching two-dimensional materials used in nanoelectronic devices between their three-dimensional silicon bases and an ultrathin layer of aluminum oxide can significantly reduce the risk of component failure due to overheating, according to a new study published in the journal of Advanced Materials led by researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Engineering.

Different types of drawings is used in construction such as architectural drawings, structural, electrical, plumbing and finishing drawings. These...

What is grade beam? Grade beams are commonly concrete beams which are designed to act as horizontal ties between footings or pile caps. They should...

Gilding is the process of coating intricate artifacts with precious metals. Ancient Egyptians and Chinese coated their sculptures with thin metal films using gilding. Scientists inspired by this ancient process, have added a single layer of carbon atoms, known as graphene, on top of metal leaves -- doubling the protective quality of gilding against wear and tear.

The research challenges the traditional viewpoint that the simultaneous presence of stress and a corrosive environment is a requirement for SCC and demonstrates that stress and corrosion can act independently.

Engineers have developed a new tool to model how magnetic materials, which are used in smartphones and other communications devices, interact with incoming radio signals that carry data. It accurately predicts these interactions down to the nanometer scales required to build state-of-the-art communications technologies.

What is gabion? Gabion is a welded wire cage or box that filled with desired materials such as stone, concrete, sand, or soil. So, it is a partially...

What is Steel Reinforcement? Steel reinforcement are steel bars that are provided in combination with plain cement concrete to make it reinforced...

Foundation Foundation is the part of structure below plinth level up to the soil. It is in direct contact of soil and transmits load of super...

Several types of cracks occur in masonry walls in a building which can be minor and insignificant, some requiring expensive repairs and in some...

Researchers have created an algorithm using the physics of panel degradation that can analyze solar farm data from anywhere, essentially as a portable EKG for solar farms.

What is an Integral bridge? Integral bridges are constructed without any joints between spans or between span and abutments. The superstructure along...

What is a Reactive Powder Concrete? Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is the ultra-high strength concrete prepared by replacing the ordinary aggregate...

What is Water Content of Soil? The water content of soil is is the ratio of mass of water to mass of soil which is expressed in percentage. Oven Dry...

What is Soil Texture? The texture of the soil is an indication of the relative content of particles of various sizes in the soil. It will indicate...